silent poor(英语词类分类及其用法)
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2023-11-27
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1. silent poor,英语词类分类及其用法?
01
词性的分类
词类又叫词性,英语单词根据其在句子中的功用,可以分成十个大类。
1.名词 noun n. student 学生
2.代词 pronoun pron. you 你
3.形容词 adjective adj. happy 高兴的
4.副词 adverb adv. quickly 迅速地
5.动词 verb v. cut 砍、割
6.数词 numeral num. three 三
7.冠词 article art. a 一个
8.介词 preposition prep. at 在...
9.连词 conjunction conj. and 和
10.感叹词 interjection interj. oh 哦
前六类叫实词,后四类叫虚词。下面就一一介绍
02
名词

名词复数的规则变化

名词的格
在英语中有些名词可以加“‘s”来表示所有关系,带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格,如:a teacher’s book。
名词所有格的规则如下:
1)单数名词词尾加“'s”,复数名词词尾没有s,也要加“'s”,如the boy‘s bag 男孩的书包,men’s room 男厕所。
2)若名词已有复数词尾-s ,只加“'”,如:the workers’ struggle工人的斗争。
03
代词
大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词、连接代词和不定代词九种
人称代词的用法
I saw her with them,at least, I thought it was her.我看到她和他们在一起,至少我认为是她。(her做宾语,them做介词宾语,her作主补)
a. -- Who broke the vase?--谁打碎了花瓶?
b. -- Me.--我。
并列人称代词的排列顺序
1) 单数人称代词并列作主语时,其顺序为:

如:You, he and I should return on time.
2) 复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为:

反身代词


指示代词
指示代词分单数(this / that)和复数(these / those)两种形式,既可作限定词又可做代词
疑问代词
指人:who, whom, whose
指物:what
既可指人又可指物:which
04
冠词
冠词是位于名词或名词词组之前或之后,在句子里主要是对名词起限定作用的词。冠词是一种虚词。
不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源,是“一个”的意思。
定冠词的用法
定冠词the与指示代词this,that同源,有“那(这)个”的意思。
1)特指双方都明白的人或物:Take the medicine.把药吃了。
2)上文提到过的人或事:He bought a house. I’ve been to the house.
3)指世上独一物二的事物:the sun,the sky,the moon,the earth(敲黑板,这个是经常会在选择题中考到的知识点)
4)单数名词连用表示一类事物,如:the dollar 美元;the fox 狐狸;
5)用在序数词和形容词最高级,及形容词only,very, same等前面:
Where do you live? I live on the second floor.你住在哪?我住在二层。
6)与复数名词连用,指整个群体:
They are the teachers of this school.指全体教师)
They are teachers of this school.(指部分教师)
7)用在专有名词前:
the People‘s Republic of China中华人民共和国
8) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人:the Greens格林一家人 (或格林夫妇)
05
数词
表示数目多少的数词叫基数词;表示顺序的数词叫序数词。序数词表示排列的顺序
序数词的缩写形式为阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母。
如:first---1st; second---2nd; third-3rd;
基数词变序数词的巧记口诀
一二三要全变(one-first; two-second;three- third)
其余都加th, th里有例外
8去t,(eight-eighth) 9去e(nine-ninth)
字母f代ve(five-fifth; twelve-twelfth);
ty变成tie(twenty-twentieth)
若要变化几十几,只变个位就可以(twenty-one-twenty-first)
数词的用法
1)倍数表示法
a. 主语+谓语+倍数(或分数)+ as + adj. + as
I have three times as many as you.我有你三倍那么多。
b. 主语+谓语+倍数(分数)+ the size (amount,length…) of…
The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球是月球的49倍。
c. 主语+谓语+倍数(分数)+ 形容词(副词)比较级+ than…
The grain output is 8 percent higher this year than that of last year.
d. 还可以用by+倍数,表示增加多少倍
The production of grain has been increased by four times this year.
2)分数表示法
构成:基数词代表分子,序数词代表分母。分子大于1时,分子的序数词用单数,分母序数词用复数:1/3 one-third ;3/37 three and three-sevenths
06
形容词及其用法
主要用来修饰名词的词,表示事物的特征。
形容词用来修饰名词或代词,表示人或事物的性质、状态,和特征的程度好坏,与否。
形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时,要放在这些词之后,例如:something nice
以-ly结尾的形容词
1)friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。
2)有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词。
daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early
The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily.
用形容词表示类别和整体
某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,与谓语动词的复数连接。
如:the dead,the living,the rich,the poor,the blind,the hungry
07
副词及其基本用法
副词(adverb,简写为adv)是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、全句的词,说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。副词是一种半虚半实的词。
副词可分为:地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词和连接副词。
兼有两种形式的副词
1) close与closely
close意思是“近”;closely 意思是“仔细地”
He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely.
2)late 与lately
late意思是“晚”;lately 意思是“最近”
You have come too late.What have you been doing lately?
形容词与副词的比较级
大多数形容词(性质形容词)和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形,比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1) 规则变化

2) 不规则变化
有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。如:
good→ better→ best
well→ better→ best
bad→ worse→ worst
ill→ worse→ worst
old→ older/elder→ oldest/eldest
many/much→ more→ most
little→ less→ least
far→ further/farther→ furthest/farthest
08
动词
动词根据其后是否可直接跟宾语,可分为两类,分别是:及物动词(可直接跟宾语)、不及物动词(不能直接跟宾语,若要跟宾语,必须加上某个介词)。
系动词
1)状态系动词:用来表示主语状态,只有be一词,例如:He is a teacher.
2)持续系动词:用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep,rest,remain,stay,lie,stand
例如:He always kept silent at meeting.
他开会时总保持沉默。
3)表像系动词:用来表示“看起来像”这一概念,主要有seem,appear,look
例如:He looks tired.他看起来很累。
4)感官系动词:感官系动词主要有feel,smell,sound,taste
例如:This kind of cloth feels very soft.
This flower smells very sweet.
5)变化系动词:这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run
例如:He became mad after that.自那之后,他疯了。
6)终止系动词:表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove,turn out,表达“证实”,“变成”之意
例如:The search proved difficult.搜查证实很难。
09
连词
连词是一种虚词, 它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词,短语与短语以及句与句的作用。
连词主要可分为两类:并列连词和从属连词。
并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。如:
and,but,or,nor,so,therefore,yet,however,for, hence,as well as,both…and,not only…but also, either…or,neither…nor, (and)then等等。
比较so和 such
such是形容词,修饰名词或名词词组。
so是副词,只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many,few,much, little连用,形成固定搭配。
so + adj. such + a(n) + n.
so + adj. + a(n) + n. such + n. (pl.)
so + adj. + n. (pl.) such +n. (pl.)
so + adj. + n. [不可数] such +n. [不可数]
so foolish ;such a fool
so nice a flower;such a nice flower
so many/ few flowers;such nice flowers
so much/little money;such rapid progress
so many people ;such a lot of people
10
介词
介词是一
2. 红楼梦最好的英译本?
杨宪益和戴乃迭翻译的版本评价还是很高的,比如:
【红楼梦 引子】
Prologue toThe Dream of Red Mansions
杨宪益 戴乃迭 译
开辟鸿蒙,谁为情种?都只为风月情浓。
At the dawn of creation
Who sowed the seeds of love?
From the strong passion of breeze and moonlight they came.
趁着这奈何天、伤怀日、寂寥时,试遣愚衷。
因此上演出这怀金悼玉的《红楼梦》。
So in this world of sweet longing
On a day of distress, in an hour of loneliness,
Fain would I impart my senseless grief
By singing thisDream of Red Mansions
To mourn the Gold and the Jade.
【枉凝眉】
Vain Longing
杨宪益 戴乃迭 译
一个是阆苑仙葩,一个是美玉无暇。
One is an immortal flower of fairyland,
The other fair flawless jade,
若说没奇缘,今生偏又遇着他;
And were it not predestined
Why should they meet again in this existence?
若说有奇缘,如何心事终虚化?
Yet, if predestined,
Why does their love come to nothing?
一个枉自嗟呀,一个空劳牵挂。
One sighs to no purpose,
The other yearns in vain;
一个是水中月,一个是镜中花。
One is the moon reflected in the water,
The other but a flower in the mirror.
想眼中能有多少泪珠儿,
How many tears can well from her eyes?
怎经得秋流到冬尽,春流到夏!
Can they flow on from autumn till winter,
From spring till summer?
【太虚幻境楹联】
Illusory Land of Great Void
杨宪益 戴乃迭 译
假作真时真亦假,无为有处有还无。
When false is taken for true, true becomes false;
If non-being turns into being, being becomes non-being.
【葬花吟】
杨宪益 戴乃迭 译
花谢花飞飞满天,红消香断有谁怜?
As blossoms fade and fly across the sky,
Who pities the faded red, the scent that has been?
游丝软系飘春榭,落絮轻沾扑绣帘。
Softly the gossamer floats over spring pavilions,
Gently the willow fluff wafts to the embroidered screen.
闺中女儿惜春暮,愁绪满怀无释处,
A girl in her chamber mourns the passing of spring,
No relief from anxiety her poor heart knows;
手把花锄出绣闺,忍踏落花来复去。
Hoe in hand she steps through her portal,
Loath to tread on the blossom as she comes and goes.
柳丝榆荚自芳菲,不管桃飘与李飞。
Willows and elms, fresh and verdant,
Care not if peach and plum blossom drift away;
桃李明年能再发,明年闺中知有谁?
Next year the peach and plum will bloom again,
But her chamber may stand empty on that day.
三月香巢已垒成,梁间燕子太无情。
By the third month the scented nests are built,
But the swallows on the beam are heartless all;
明年花发虽可啄,却不道人去梁空巢也倾!
Next year, though once again you may peck the buds,
From the beam of an empty room your nest will fall.
一年三百六十日,风刀霜剑严相逼。
Each year for three hundred and sixty days
The cutting wind and biting frost contend.
明媚鲜妍能几时,一朝飘泊难寻觅。
How long can beauty flower fresh and fair?
In a single day wind can whirl it to its end.
花开易见落难寻,阶前闷杀葬花人。
Fallen, the brightest blooms are hard to find;
With aching heart their grave-digger comes now.
独倚花锄泪暗洒,洒上空枝见血痕。
Alone, her hoe in hand, her secret tears
Falling like drops of blood on each bare bough.
杜鹃无语正黄昏,荷锄归去掩重门。
Dusk falls and the cuckoo is silent;
Her hoe brought back, the lodge is locked and still;
青灯照壁人初睡,冷雨敲窗被未温。
A green lamp lights the wall as steep enfolds her,
Cold rain pelts the casement and her quilt is chill.
怪奴底事倍伤神,半为怜春半恼春:
What causes my two-fold anguish?
Love for spring and resentment of spring;
怜春忽至恼忽去,至又无言去不闻。
For suddenly it comes and suddenly goes,
Its arrival unheralded, noiseless its departing.
昨宵庭外悲歌发,知是花魂与鸟魂?
Last night from the courtyard floated a sad song –
Was it the soul of blossom, the soul of birds?
花魂鸟魂总难留,鸟自无言花自羞。
Hard to detain, the soul of blossom or birds,
For blossoms have no assurance, birds no words.
愿奴胁下生双翼,随花飞到天尽头。
I long to take wing and fly
With the flowers to earth's uttermost bound;
天尽头,何处有香丘?
And yet at earth's uttermost bound
Where can a fragrant burial mound be found?
未若锦囊收艳骨,一抔净土掩风流。
Better shroud the fair petals in silk
With clean earth for their outer attire;
质本洁来还洁去,强于污淖陷渠沟。
For pure you came and pure shall go,
Not sinking into some foul ditch or mire.
尔今死去侬收葬,未卜侬身何日丧?
Now you are dead I come to bury you;
None has divined the day when I shall die;
侬今葬花人笑痴,他年葬侬知是谁?
Men laugh at my folly in burying fallen flowers,
But who will bury me when dead I lie?
试看春残花渐落,便是红颜老死时。
See, when spring draws to a close and flowers fall,
3. 大学作文MyDreamLife?
Dream, avers, countless people in compiling the dream of frustrations. At night, when the dark dream of fire happens, bring people farther and nearly hope suddenly. It floats in the imagination and expect, is the people heart longing.
In reality, under the impact of dreams just peace of mind, make life more than a light. Established in persistent dream forever, sweat, and tears, overlooking efforts over the past: the great Madame Curie to benefit human, hard struggle for life, and finally produced a pure radium. Her life though because long-term accept radioactive substances stimulation and gone, but she dreamers never stop footstep. She used her dream, write down the eternal life.
But we, because many obstacles and stopped because of laziness, or heart and give up the dream. Don't flashy longing dream will come true, also don't immersed in a busy and noisy. Choose the right way, so you must go, no matter how long the road ahead, regardless of whether, as long as have danger "and a" belief, came to the joy of dreams, is far away from you will also?
The dream is flower seeds, the eagle's dream is ready to fly. "Li-an old hero, costraint", even a nag are able to support the weak body dream. So, whether we should be more young take advantage of this wonderful time chasing the dream trace?
Dream, it is like the butterfly wings, with beautiful we capture it, But it is more like a fragrance pubi fragrance, we find it, temptation to catch a refreshing "to". Also no wonder that someone will give up the pursuit of dreams, because "the real dream too is". Don't dream really so hard to reach? No, because those who are too greed, will put the dream with high places, all day but never considered himself ever reach the dream. When it is discovered, he is already dispirited and discouraged, no interest in exploring the dream again.
Dream really so far? In fact, it might be far ahead, are you looking forward to your hand, eagerly. Or, it in the corner, prepare crossroads in unexpected jumped out when you scare you jump, give you a surprise. It may be illusory dreams, perhaps is immensely. The life forever, because dream and flash.
In the streets to see the girl singing a song, sweet singing on stage, this should now, but in the eyes of silent singing. Oh, don't disturb her, don't think she is poor, you know, she is in order to realize her dream and playing well. In the persistent efforts, sweat, and tears filled with turn your heart, your dreams will release its true light!
4. 英语短语词性分类及用法?
01词性的分类
词类又叫词性,英语单词根据其在句子中的功用,可以分成十个大类。
1.名词 noun n. student 学生
2.代词 pronoun pron. you 你
3.形容词 adjective adj. happy 高兴的
4.副词 adverb adv. quickly 迅速地
5.动词 verb v. cut 砍、割
6.数词 numeral num. three 三
7.冠词 article art. a 一个
8.介词 preposition prep. at 在...
9.连词 conjunction conj. and 和
10.感叹词 interjection interj. oh 哦
前六类叫实词,后四类叫虚词。下面就一一介绍
02名词/名词复数的规则变化/名词的格
在英语中有些名词可以加“‘s”来表示所有关系,带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格,如:a teacher’s book。
名词所有格的规则如下:
1)单数名词词尾加“'s”,复数名词词尾没有s,也要加“'s”,如the boy‘s bag 男孩的书包,men’s room 男厕所。
2)若名词已有复数词尾-s ,只加“'”,如:the workers’ struggle工人的斗争。
03代词
大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词、连接代词和不定代词九种
人称代词的用法
I saw her with them,at least, I thought it was her.我看到她和他们在一起,至少我认为是她。(her做宾语,them做介词宾语,her作主补)
a. -- Who broke the vase?--谁打碎了花瓶?
b. -- Me.--我。
并列人称代词的排列顺序
1) 单数人称代词并列作主语时,其顺序为:
如:You, he and I should return on time.
2) 复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为:反身代词/指示代词
指示代词分单数(this / that)和复数(these / those)两种形式,既可作限定词又可做代词
疑问代词
指人:who, whom, whose
指物: what
既可指人又可指物: which
04冠词
冠词是位于名词或名词词组之前或之后,在句子里主要是对名词起限定作用的词。冠词是一种虚词。
不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源,是“一个”的意思。
定冠词的用法
定冠词the与指示代词this,that同源,有“那(这)个”的意思。
1)特指双方都明白的人或物:Take the medicine.把药吃了。
2)上文提到过的人或事: He bought a house. I’ve been to the house.
3)指世上独一物二的事物:the sun,the sky,the moon,the earth(敲黑板,这个是经常会在选择题中考到的知识点)
4)单数名词连用表示一类事物,如:the dollar 美元;the fox 狐狸;
5)用在序数词和形容词最高级,及形容词only,very, same等前面:
Where do you live? I live on the second floor.你住在哪?我住在二层。
6)与复数名词连用,指整个群体:
They are the teachers of this school.指全体教师)
They are teachers of this school.(指部分教师)
7)用在专有名词前:
the People‘s Republic of China中华人民共和国
8) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人:the Greens格林一家人 (或格林夫妇)
05数词
表示数目多少的数词叫基数词;表示顺序的数词叫序数词。序数词表示排列的顺序
序数词的缩写形式为阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母。
如: first---1st; second---2nd; third-3rd;
基数词变序数词的巧记口诀
一二三要全变(one-first; two-second;three- third)
其余都加th, th里有例外
8去t,(eight-eighth) 9去e(nine-ninth)
字母f代ve(five-fifth; twelve-twelfth);
ty变成tie(twenty-twentieth)
若要变化几十几,只变个位就可以(twenty-one-twenty-first)
数词的用法
1)倍数表示法
a. 主语+谓语+倍数(或分数)+ as + adj. + as
I have three times as many as you.我有你三倍那么多。
b. 主语+谓语+倍数(分数)+ the size (amount,length…) of…
The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球是月球的49倍。
c. 主语+谓语+倍数(分数)+ 形容词(副词)比较级+ than…
The grain output is 8 percent higher this year than that of last year.
d. 还可以用by+倍数,表示增加多少倍
The production of grain has been increased by four times this year.
2)分数表示法
构成:基数词代表分子,序数词代表分母。分子大于1时,分子的序数词用单数,分母序数词用复数:1/3 one-third ; 3/37 three and three-sevenths
06形容词及其用法
主要用来修饰名词的词,表示事物的特征。
形容词用来修饰名词或代词,表示人或事物的性质、状态,和特征的程度好坏,与否。
形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时,要放在这些词之后,例如:something nice
以-ly结尾的形容词
1)friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。
2)有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词。
daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early
The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily.
用形容词表示类别和整体
某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,与谓语动词的复数连接。
如:the dead,the living,the rich,the poor,the blind,the hungry
07
副词及其基本用法
副词(adverb,简写为adv)是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、全句的词,说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。副词是一种半虚半实的词。
副词可分为:地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词和连接副词。
兼有两种形式的副词
1) close与closely
close意思是“近”; closely 意思是“仔细地”
He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely.
2)late 与lately
late意思是“晚”; lately 意思是“最近”
You have come too late.What have you been doing lately?
形容词与副词的比较级
大多数形容词(性质形容词)和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形,比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1) 规则变化
2) 不规则变化
有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。如:
good→ better→ best
well→ better→ best
bad→ worse→ worst
ill→ worse→ worst
old→ older/elder→ oldest/eldest
many/much→ more→ most
little→ less→ least
far→ further/farther→ furthest/farthest
08动词
动词根据其后是否可直接跟宾语,可分为两类,分别是:及物动词(可直接跟宾语)、不及物动词(不能直接跟宾语,若要跟宾语,必须加上某个介词)。
系动词
1)状态系动词:用来表示主语状态,只有be一词,例如:He is a teacher.
2)持续系动词:用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep,rest,remain,stay,lie,stand
例如:He always kept silent at meeting.
他开会时总保持沉默。
3)表像系动词:用来表示“看起来像”这一概念,主要有seem,appear,look
例如:He looks tired.他看起来很累。
4)感官系动词:感官系动词主要有feel,smell,sound,taste
例如:This kind of cloth feels very soft.
This flower smells very sweet.
5)变化系动词:这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run
例如:He became mad after that.自那之后,他疯了。
6)终止系动词:表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove,turn out,表达“证实”,“变成”之意
例如:The search proved difficult.搜查证实很难。
09连词
连词是一种虚词, 它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词,短语与短语以及句与句的作用。
连词主要可分为两类:并列连词和从属连词。
并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。如:
and,but,or,nor,so,therefore,yet,however,for, hence,as well as,both…and,not only…but also, either…or,neither…nor, (and)then等等。
比较so和 such
such是形容词,修饰名词或名词词组。
so是副词,只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many,few,much, little连用,形成固定搭配。
so + adj. such + a(n) + n.
so + adj. + a(n) + n. such + n. (pl.)
so + adj. + n. (pl.) such +n. (pl.)
so + adj. + n. [不可数] such +n. [不可数]
so foolish ;such a fool
so nice a flower;such a nice flower
so many/ few flowers;such nice flowers
so much/little money;such rapid progress
so many people ;such a lot of people
10介词
介词是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的虚词,在句中不能单独作句子成分。
介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类,短语或从句作它的宾语。
介词和它的宾语构成介词词组,在句中作状语,表语,补语或介词宾语。
介词的分类
地点(位置、范围)介词
above在…前,about在…附近,across在…对面,after在…后面,against倚着...,along在…近旁,among在…中间,around在…周围,round在….周围,at在…处,before在...前,behind在...后,below低于..., beside在...旁边,between在...之间,by在...旁,down在...下面,from来自...,in在...里面,inside在...里面,等等。
方向(目标趋向)介词
across横越...,against对抗..., along沿着...,around绕着...,round环绕...,at朝着...,behind向…后面,between…and…从…到...,by路过/通过...,down向…下,for向..., from从/离..., in进入..., into进入...,inside到...里面, near接近...,off脱离/除...,on向...上,out of向...外,outside向....外,over跨过...,past经过/超过...,through穿过...,to向/朝...,towards朝着...,on to到...上面,onto到...上面, up向...上,away from远离...
时间介词
about大约...,after在…以后,at在… (时刻),before在…以前,by到…为止,during在…期间,for有…(之久),from从…(时)起,in在(上/下午),在(多久)以后,on在(某日),past过了…(时),since自从…(至今), through 贯穿…(期间),till直到…时, until直到…时,to到(下一时刻),ever since从那时起至今,at the beginning of在...开始时,at the end of在...末 ,in the middle of在...当中,at the time of在...时
方式介词
as作为/当作...,by用/由/乘坐/被..., in用…(语言),like与…一样,on骑(车)/徒(步),通过(收音机/电视机), over通过(收音机),through通过...,with用(材料),用(手/脚/耳/眼), without没有…
涉及介词
about关于...,except除了…,besides除了…还... for对于/就…而言,in在…(方面),of…的,有关...,on关于/有关...,to对…而言,towards针对...,with就…而言
其它介词
目的介词:for为了...,from防止…,to为了…
原因介词:for因为...,with由于…,because of因为...
比较介词:as与…一样,like象…一样,than比...,to与…相比,unlike与…不同
5. 求一篇50字左右的英语寓言故事?
1、A man was going to the house of some rich person. As he went along the road, he saw a box of good apples at the side of the road. He said, "I do not want to eat those apples; for the rich man will give me much food;
he will give me very nice food to eat." Then he took the apples and threw them away into the dust.
He went on and came to a river. The river had become very big; so he could not go over it. He waited for some time; then he said, "I cannot go to the rich man's house today, for I cannot get over the river."
He began to go home. He had eaten no food that day. He began to want food. He came to the apples, and he was glad to take them out of the dust and eat them.
Do not throw good things away; you may be glad to have them at some other time.
【译文】
一个人正朝着一个富人的房子走去,当他沿着路走时,在路的一边他发现一箱好苹果,他说:“我不打算吃那些苹果,因为富人会给我更多的食物,他会给我很好吃的东西。”然后他拿起苹果,一把扔到土里去。
他继续走,来到河边,河涨水了,因此,他到不了河对岸,他等了一会儿,然后他说:“今天我去不了富人家了,因为我不能渡过河。”
他开始回家,那天他没有吃东西。他就开始去找吃的,他找到苹果,很高兴地把它们从尘土中翻出来吃了。
不要把好东西扔掉,换个时候你会觉得它们大有用处。
2、The City Mouse and the Country Mouse
Once there were two mice. They were friends. One mouse lived in the country; the other mouse lived in the city. After many years the Country mouse saw the City mouse; he said, "Do come and see me at my house in the country."
So the City mouse went. The City mouse said, "This food is not good, and your house is not good. Why do you live in a hole in the field? You should come and live in the city. You would live in a nice house made of stone.
You would have nice food to eat. You must come and see me at my house in the city."
The Country mouse went to the house of the City mouse. It was a very good house. Nice food was set ready for them to eat. But just as they began to eat they heard a great noise. The City mouse cried, " Run! Run! The cat is coming!" They ran away quickly and hid.
After some time they came out. When they came out, the Country mouse said, "I do not like living in the city. I like living in my hole in the field. For it is nicer to be poor and happy, than to be rich and afraid."
【译文】城里老鼠和乡下老鼠
从前,有两只老鼠,它们是好朋友。一只老鼠居住在乡村,另一只住在城里。很多年以后,乡下老鼠碰到城里老鼠,它说:“你一定要来我乡下的家看看。”于是,城里老鼠就去了。乡下老鼠领着它到了一块田地上它自己的家里。它把所有最精美食物都找出来给城里老鼠。
城里老鼠说:“这东西不好吃,你的家也不好,你为什么住在田野的地洞里呢?你应该搬到城里去住,你能住上用石头造的漂亮房子,还会吃上美味佳肴,你应该到我城里的家看看。”
乡下老鼠就到城里老鼠的家去。房子十分漂亮,好吃的东西也为他们摆好了。可是正当他们要开始吃的时候,听见很大的一阵响声,城里的老鼠叫喊起来:“快跑!快跑!猫来了!”他们飞快地跑开躲藏起来。
过了一会儿,他们出来了。当他们出来时,乡下老鼠说:“我不喜欢住在城里,我喜欢住在田野我的洞里。因为这样虽然贫穷但是快乐自在,比起虽然富有却要过着提心吊胆的生活来说,要好些。
https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/72f082025aafa40f8ee1db29a764034f78f0191a
3、The dog and the wolf
A wolf was almost dead with hunger. A house-dog saw him, and asked, "Friend, your irregular life will soon ruin you.
"Why don't you work steadily as I do, and get your food regularly?"
"I would have no objection," said the wolf, "if I could only get a place." "I will help you," said the dog. "Come with me to my master, and you shall share my work."
So the wolf and the dog went to the town together.On the way the wolf saw that there was no hair around the dog's neck.He felt quite surprised, and asked him why it was like that?
"Oh, it is nothing," said the dog. "Every night my master puts a collar around my neck and chains me up. You will soon get used to it."
"Is that the only reason?" said the wolf. "Then good-bye to you, my friend. I would rather be free."
【译文】狗和狼
一只狼快要饿死了,一只狗看见后问他:“你现在的无规律的生活一定会毁掉你,为什么不像我一样稳定地干活并有规律地获得食物呢?”
狼说:“如果我有个地方住,我没有意见。”狗回答说:“跟我到主人那里去,我们一起工作。”于是狼和狗一起回到了村子。
在路上,狼注意到狗的脖子上有一圈没有毛,他很奇怪地问为什么会那样。
“噢,没有什么,”狗说,“我的主人每天晚上都用一条铁链子拴住我,你很快就会习惯的。”“就是因为这个原因吗?”狼说道,“那么,再见了,我的朋友,我宁愿选择自由。”
寓意: 自由比安乐更重要。
4、还是个好孩子
John is not a “good” student. 约翰并不是个“好”学生。
He always sleeps in the class. 他总是在上课的时候睡觉。
Today he sleeps again.今天他又睡着了。
“John!” Teacher says angrily.“约翰!”老师生气地喊他。
“What? What’s wrong?” John is awaken.“什么?出什么事了?”约翰醒了。
“Why do you make a face? It’s classroom. Look! Everyone is laughing.” Teacher says.
“你为什么要做鬼脸?这是教室!看看!同学们都在笑!”老师生气地说。
“No one is laughing.” Teacher says.“没有人在笑呀。”其他同学笑声地嘀咕。
“No, it’s not me. I was not making a face. I was sleeping.” John fells upset.
“不,不是我。我没有做鬼脸。刚才我睡着了。”约翰感到不安。
“Um. Not bad. You can admit your fault. You are still a good boy.” Teacher is satisfied with it.“嗯,还不错。你承认自己的错误,还是给好孩子”老师为此感到满意。
5、狐狸赞美乌鸦
One day, a crow stood on a branch near his nest ,and felt very happy with the meat in his mouth. 有一天,一只乌鸦站在窝旁的树枝上嘴里叼着一片肉,心里非常高兴。
At that time, a fox saw the crow with the meat, so he swallowed and eagerly thought of a plan to get the meat.这时候,一只狐狸看见了乌鸦,馋得直流口水,非常想得到那片肉。
However, whatever the fox said to the crow, the crow just kept silent.但是,无论狐狸说什么,乌鸦就是不理睬狐狸。
Until the fox thought highly of the crow’s beautiful voice, the crow felt flattered and opened his mouth to sing. 最后,狐狸赞美乌鸦的嗓音最优美,并要求乌鸦唱几句让他欣赏欣赏。乌鸦听了狐狸赞美的话,得意极了,就唱起歌来。
As soon as the meat fell down to the ground, the fox took the meat and went into his hole.没想到,肉一掉下来,狐狸就叼起肉,钻回了洞
6、聪明的乌龟
A tiger is hungry, he is looking for food. He sees a frog in front of him.
一只老虎很饥饿,他正在寻找食物。他看到一只青蛙在他前面。
“Haha! A frog! My dinner!” so he rushes at the frog.“哈哈!一只青蛙,我有晚餐啦!”于是,他扑向青蛙。
Behind the tiger, there is a tortoise. The little tortoise sees it; he bites the tiger’s tail.
在老虎的后边,有一只乌龟。小乌龟看见了,他猛咬一下啊老虎的尾巴。
“Ouch!” cries the tiger and he looks back. The frog hears the voice and jumps into water.
“哎呦!”老虎疼得叫起来并回头看看。此时青蛙听见了老虎的声音,他迅速跳进水里。
“Thank you, little tortoise.” says the frog.“谢谢你,小乌龟。”青蛙说。
But the tiger is very angry. “Bother it! I’ll throw you to the sky!”大事老虎十分愤怒:“讨厌!我要把你扔到天上去。”
“Thank you, I like flying in the sky,” says the tortoise.“谢谢你,我喜欢在天空飞翔。”乌龟说。
The tiger stops, “I will throw you into the river.”老虎停下来:“那我就把你扔到到水里。”
“Oh, no! I can’t swim; I will die if you throw me into the water.” The tiger threw the tortoise into the water quickly.“哦,不!我不会游泳,如果你把我扔井水里我会死的。”老虎很快就把乌龟仍进水了。
“Thank you, Mr. Tiger. Bye-bye.” The tortoise and the frog swim away together.“谢谢你,老虎先生,再见!”乌龟和青蛙一起游走了。
6. mouse的复数形式是什么?
mouse的复数形式是mice,mouse的音标是英 [maʊs]或美 [maʊs]。mice英 [maɪs] 美 [maɪs] n.老鼠( mouse的名词复数 );鼠标;羞怯[胆小]的人;mouse的复数形式。例句:
1、The nest contained eight little mice that were naked and blind. 窝里有8只还没长毛、眼睛尚未睁开的小老鼠。
2、The researchers gave 10 mutant mice bone marrow from healthy mice. 研究人员给10只基因突变小鼠植入了健康小鼠的骨髓。扩展资料:mouse,rat这两个名词均可表示“老鼠、耗子”之意。辨析如下:1、mouse一般指体形较小的家鼠。2、rat一般指生活在室外体形较大的一种老鼠。mouse的一些词汇搭配:1、as poor as a church mouse 一贫如洗。2、as quiet as a mouse 一声不响。
3、as silent as a mouse 静无声息。
4、as still as a mouse 悄无声息。
5、trap for mouse 捕鼠夹。
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1. silent poor,英语词类分类及其用法?
01
词性的分类
词类又叫词性,英语单词根据其在句子中的功用,可以分成十个大类。
1.名词 noun n. student 学生
2.代词 pronoun pron. you 你
3.形容词 adjective adj. happy 高兴的
4.副词 adverb adv. quickly 迅速地
5.动词 verb v. cut 砍、割
6.数词 numeral num. three 三
7.冠词 article art. a 一个
8.介词 preposition prep. at 在...
9.连词 conjunction conj. and 和
10.感叹词 interjection interj. oh 哦
前六类叫实词,后四类叫虚词。下面就一一介绍
02
名词

名词复数的规则变化

名词的格
在英语中有些名词可以加“‘s”来表示所有关系,带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格,如:a teacher’s book。
名词所有格的规则如下:
1)单数名词词尾加“'s”,复数名词词尾没有s,也要加“'s”,如the boy‘s bag 男孩的书包,men’s room 男厕所。
2)若名词已有复数词尾-s ,只加“'”,如:the workers’ struggle工人的斗争。
03
代词
大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词、连接代词和不定代词九种
人称代词的用法
I saw her with them,at least, I thought it was her.我看到她和他们在一起,至少我认为是她。(her做宾语,them做介词宾语,her作主补)
a. -- Who broke the vase?--谁打碎了花瓶?
b. -- Me.--我。
并列人称代词的排列顺序
1) 单数人称代词并列作主语时,其顺序为:

如:You, he and I should return on time.
2) 复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为:

反身代词


指示代词
指示代词分单数(this / that)和复数(these / those)两种形式,既可作限定词又可做代词
疑问代词
指人:who, whom, whose
指物:what
既可指人又可指物:which
04
冠词
冠词是位于名词或名词词组之前或之后,在句子里主要是对名词起限定作用的词。冠词是一种虚词。
不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源,是“一个”的意思。
定冠词的用法
定冠词the与指示代词this,that同源,有“那(这)个”的意思。
1)特指双方都明白的人或物:Take the medicine.把药吃了。
2)上文提到过的人或事:He bought a house. I’ve been to the house.
3)指世上独一物二的事物:the sun,the sky,the moon,the earth(敲黑板,这个是经常会在选择题中考到的知识点)
4)单数名词连用表示一类事物,如:the dollar 美元;the fox 狐狸;
5)用在序数词和形容词最高级,及形容词only,very, same等前面:
Where do you live? I live on the second floor.你住在哪?我住在二层。
6)与复数名词连用,指整个群体:
They are the teachers of this school.指全体教师)
They are teachers of this school.(指部分教师)
7)用在专有名词前:
the People‘s Republic of China中华人民共和国
8) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人:the Greens格林一家人 (或格林夫妇)
05
数词
表示数目多少的数词叫基数词;表示顺序的数词叫序数词。序数词表示排列的顺序
序数词的缩写形式为阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母。
如:first---1st; second---2nd; third-3rd;
基数词变序数词的巧记口诀
一二三要全变(one-first; two-second;three- third)
其余都加th, th里有例外
8去t,(eight-eighth) 9去e(nine-ninth)
字母f代ve(five-fifth; twelve-twelfth);
ty变成tie(twenty-twentieth)
若要变化几十几,只变个位就可以(twenty-one-twenty-first)
数词的用法
1)倍数表示法
a. 主语+谓语+倍数(或分数)+ as + adj. + as
I have three times as many as you.我有你三倍那么多。
b. 主语+谓语+倍数(分数)+ the size (amount,length…) of…
The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球是月球的49倍。
c. 主语+谓语+倍数(分数)+ 形容词(副词)比较级+ than…
The grain output is 8 percent higher this year than that of last year.
d. 还可以用by+倍数,表示增加多少倍
The production of grain has been increased by four times this year.
2)分数表示法
构成:基数词代表分子,序数词代表分母。分子大于1时,分子的序数词用单数,分母序数词用复数:1/3 one-third ;3/37 three and three-sevenths
06
形容词及其用法
主要用来修饰名词的词,表示事物的特征。
形容词用来修饰名词或代词,表示人或事物的性质、状态,和特征的程度好坏,与否。
形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时,要放在这些词之后,例如:something nice
以-ly结尾的形容词
1)friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。
2)有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词。
daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early
The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily.
用形容词表示类别和整体
某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,与谓语动词的复数连接。
如:the dead,the living,the rich,the poor,the blind,the hungry
07
副词及其基本用法
副词(adverb,简写为adv)是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、全句的词,说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。副词是一种半虚半实的词。
副词可分为:地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词和连接副词。
兼有两种形式的副词
1) close与closely
close意思是“近”;closely 意思是“仔细地”
He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely.
2)late 与lately
late意思是“晚”;lately 意思是“最近”
You have come too late.What have you been doing lately?
形容词与副词的比较级
大多数形容词(性质形容词)和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形,比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1) 规则变化

2) 不规则变化
有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。如:
good→ better→ best
well→ better→ best
bad→ worse→ worst
ill→ worse→ worst
old→ older/elder→ oldest/eldest
many/much→ more→ most
little→ less→ least
far→ further/farther→ furthest/farthest
08
动词
动词根据其后是否可直接跟宾语,可分为两类,分别是:及物动词(可直接跟宾语)、不及物动词(不能直接跟宾语,若要跟宾语,必须加上某个介词)。
系动词
1)状态系动词:用来表示主语状态,只有be一词,例如:He is a teacher.
2)持续系动词:用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep,rest,remain,stay,lie,stand
例如:He always kept silent at meeting.
他开会时总保持沉默。
3)表像系动词:用来表示“看起来像”这一概念,主要有seem,appear,look
例如:He looks tired.他看起来很累。
4)感官系动词:感官系动词主要有feel,smell,sound,taste
例如:This kind of cloth feels very soft.
This flower smells very sweet.
5)变化系动词:这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run
例如:He became mad after that.自那之后,他疯了。
6)终止系动词:表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove,turn out,表达“证实”,“变成”之意
例如:The search proved difficult.搜查证实很难。
09
连词
连词是一种虚词, 它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词,短语与短语以及句与句的作用。
连词主要可分为两类:并列连词和从属连词。
并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。如:
and,but,or,nor,so,therefore,yet,however,for, hence,as well as,both…and,not only…but also, either…or,neither…nor, (and)then等等。
比较so和 such
such是形容词,修饰名词或名词词组。
so是副词,只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many,few,much, little连用,形成固定搭配。
so + adj. such + a(n) + n.
so + adj. + a(n) + n. such + n. (pl.)
so + adj. + n. (pl.) such +n. (pl.)
so + adj. + n. [不可数] such +n. [不可数]
so foolish ;such a fool
so nice a flower;such a nice flower
so many/ few flowers;such nice flowers
so much/little money;such rapid progress
so many people ;such a lot of people
10
介词
介词是一
2. 红楼梦最好的英译本?
杨宪益和戴乃迭翻译的版本评价还是很高的,比如:
【红楼梦 引子】
Prologue toThe Dream of Red Mansions
杨宪益 戴乃迭 译
开辟鸿蒙,谁为情种?都只为风月情浓。
At the dawn of creation
Who sowed the seeds of love?
From the strong passion of breeze and moonlight they came.
趁着这奈何天、伤怀日、寂寥时,试遣愚衷。
因此上演出这怀金悼玉的《红楼梦》。
So in this world of sweet longing
On a day of distress, in an hour of loneliness,
Fain would I impart my senseless grief
By singing thisDream of Red Mansions
To mourn the Gold and the Jade.
【枉凝眉】
Vain Longing
杨宪益 戴乃迭 译
一个是阆苑仙葩,一个是美玉无暇。
One is an immortal flower of fairyland,
The other fair flawless jade,
若说没奇缘,今生偏又遇着他;
And were it not predestined
Why should they meet again in this existence?
若说有奇缘,如何心事终虚化?
Yet, if predestined,
Why does their love come to nothing?
一个枉自嗟呀,一个空劳牵挂。
One sighs to no purpose,
The other yearns in vain;
一个是水中月,一个是镜中花。
One is the moon reflected in the water,
The other but a flower in the mirror.
想眼中能有多少泪珠儿,
How many tears can well from her eyes?
怎经得秋流到冬尽,春流到夏!
Can they flow on from autumn till winter,
From spring till summer?
【太虚幻境楹联】
Illusory Land of Great Void
杨宪益 戴乃迭 译
假作真时真亦假,无为有处有还无。
When false is taken for true, true becomes false;
If non-being turns into being, being becomes non-being.
【葬花吟】
杨宪益 戴乃迭 译
花谢花飞飞满天,红消香断有谁怜?
As blossoms fade and fly across the sky,
Who pities the faded red, the scent that has been?
游丝软系飘春榭,落絮轻沾扑绣帘。
Softly the gossamer floats over spring pavilions,
Gently the willow fluff wafts to the embroidered screen.
闺中女儿惜春暮,愁绪满怀无释处,
A girl in her chamber mourns the passing of spring,
No relief from anxiety her poor heart knows;
手把花锄出绣闺,忍踏落花来复去。
Hoe in hand she steps through her portal,
Loath to tread on the blossom as she comes and goes.
柳丝榆荚自芳菲,不管桃飘与李飞。
Willows and elms, fresh and verdant,
Care not if peach and plum blossom drift away;
桃李明年能再发,明年闺中知有谁?
Next year the peach and plum will bloom again,
But her chamber may stand empty on that day.
三月香巢已垒成,梁间燕子太无情。
By the third month the scented nests are built,
But the swallows on the beam are heartless all;
明年花发虽可啄,却不道人去梁空巢也倾!
Next year, though once again you may peck the buds,
From the beam of an empty room your nest will fall.
一年三百六十日,风刀霜剑严相逼。
Each year for three hundred and sixty days
The cutting wind and biting frost contend.
明媚鲜妍能几时,一朝飘泊难寻觅。
How long can beauty flower fresh and fair?
In a single day wind can whirl it to its end.
花开易见落难寻,阶前闷杀葬花人。
Fallen, the brightest blooms are hard to find;
With aching heart their grave-digger comes now.
独倚花锄泪暗洒,洒上空枝见血痕。
Alone, her hoe in hand, her secret tears
Falling like drops of blood on each bare bough.
杜鹃无语正黄昏,荷锄归去掩重门。
Dusk falls and the cuckoo is silent;
Her hoe brought back, the lodge is locked and still;
青灯照壁人初睡,冷雨敲窗被未温。
A green lamp lights the wall as steep enfolds her,
Cold rain pelts the casement and her quilt is chill.
怪奴底事倍伤神,半为怜春半恼春:
What causes my two-fold anguish?
Love for spring and resentment of spring;
怜春忽至恼忽去,至又无言去不闻。
For suddenly it comes and suddenly goes,
Its arrival unheralded, noiseless its departing.
昨宵庭外悲歌发,知是花魂与鸟魂?
Last night from the courtyard floated a sad song –
Was it the soul of blossom, the soul of birds?
花魂鸟魂总难留,鸟自无言花自羞。
Hard to detain, the soul of blossom or birds,
For blossoms have no assurance, birds no words.
愿奴胁下生双翼,随花飞到天尽头。
I long to take wing and fly
With the flowers to earth's uttermost bound;
天尽头,何处有香丘?
And yet at earth's uttermost bound
Where can a fragrant burial mound be found?
未若锦囊收艳骨,一抔净土掩风流。
Better shroud the fair petals in silk
With clean earth for their outer attire;
质本洁来还洁去,强于污淖陷渠沟。
For pure you came and pure shall go,
Not sinking into some foul ditch or mire.
尔今死去侬收葬,未卜侬身何日丧?
Now you are dead I come to bury you;
None has divined the day when I shall die;
侬今葬花人笑痴,他年葬侬知是谁?
Men laugh at my folly in burying fallen flowers,
But who will bury me when dead I lie?
试看春残花渐落,便是红颜老死时。
See, when spring draws to a close and flowers fall,
3. 大学作文MyDreamLife?
Dream, avers, countless people in compiling the dream of frustrations. At night, when the dark dream of fire happens, bring people farther and nearly hope suddenly. It floats in the imagination and expect, is the people heart longing.
In reality, under the impact of dreams just peace of mind, make life more than a light. Established in persistent dream forever, sweat, and tears, overlooking efforts over the past: the great Madame Curie to benefit human, hard struggle for life, and finally produced a pure radium. Her life though because long-term accept radioactive substances stimulation and gone, but she dreamers never stop footstep. She used her dream, write down the eternal life.
But we, because many obstacles and stopped because of laziness, or heart and give up the dream. Don't flashy longing dream will come true, also don't immersed in a busy and noisy. Choose the right way, so you must go, no matter how long the road ahead, regardless of whether, as long as have danger "and a" belief, came to the joy of dreams, is far away from you will also?
The dream is flower seeds, the eagle's dream is ready to fly. "Li-an old hero, costraint", even a nag are able to support the weak body dream. So, whether we should be more young take advantage of this wonderful time chasing the dream trace?
Dream, it is like the butterfly wings, with beautiful we capture it, But it is more like a fragrance pubi fragrance, we find it, temptation to catch a refreshing "to". Also no wonder that someone will give up the pursuit of dreams, because "the real dream too is". Don't dream really so hard to reach? No, because those who are too greed, will put the dream with high places, all day but never considered himself ever reach the dream. When it is discovered, he is already dispirited and discouraged, no interest in exploring the dream again.
Dream really so far? In fact, it might be far ahead, are you looking forward to your hand, eagerly. Or, it in the corner, prepare crossroads in unexpected jumped out when you scare you jump, give you a surprise. It may be illusory dreams, perhaps is immensely. The life forever, because dream and flash.
In the streets to see the girl singing a song, sweet singing on stage, this should now, but in the eyes of silent singing. Oh, don't disturb her, don't think she is poor, you know, she is in order to realize her dream and playing well. In the persistent efforts, sweat, and tears filled with turn your heart, your dreams will release its true light!
4. 英语短语词性分类及用法?
01词性的分类
词类又叫词性,英语单词根据其在句子中的功用,可以分成十个大类。
1.名词 noun n. student 学生
2.代词 pronoun pron. you 你
3.形容词 adjective adj. happy 高兴的
4.副词 adverb adv. quickly 迅速地
5.动词 verb v. cut 砍、割
6.数词 numeral num. three 三
7.冠词 article art. a 一个
8.介词 preposition prep. at 在...
9.连词 conjunction conj. and 和
10.感叹词 interjection interj. oh 哦
前六类叫实词,后四类叫虚词。下面就一一介绍
02名词/名词复数的规则变化/名词的格
在英语中有些名词可以加“‘s”来表示所有关系,带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格,如:a teacher’s book。
名词所有格的规则如下:
1)单数名词词尾加“'s”,复数名词词尾没有s,也要加“'s”,如the boy‘s bag 男孩的书包,men’s room 男厕所。
2)若名词已有复数词尾-s ,只加“'”,如:the workers’ struggle工人的斗争。
03代词
大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词、连接代词和不定代词九种
人称代词的用法
I saw her with them,at least, I thought it was her.我看到她和他们在一起,至少我认为是她。(her做宾语,them做介词宾语,her作主补)
a. -- Who broke the vase?--谁打碎了花瓶?
b. -- Me.--我。
并列人称代词的排列顺序
1) 单数人称代词并列作主语时,其顺序为:
如:You, he and I should return on time.
2) 复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为:反身代词/指示代词
指示代词分单数(this / that)和复数(these / those)两种形式,既可作限定词又可做代词
疑问代词
指人:who, whom, whose
指物: what
既可指人又可指物: which
04冠词
冠词是位于名词或名词词组之前或之后,在句子里主要是对名词起限定作用的词。冠词是一种虚词。
不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源,是“一个”的意思。
定冠词的用法
定冠词the与指示代词this,that同源,有“那(这)个”的意思。
1)特指双方都明白的人或物:Take the medicine.把药吃了。
2)上文提到过的人或事: He bought a house. I’ve been to the house.
3)指世上独一物二的事物:the sun,the sky,the moon,the earth(敲黑板,这个是经常会在选择题中考到的知识点)
4)单数名词连用表示一类事物,如:the dollar 美元;the fox 狐狸;
5)用在序数词和形容词最高级,及形容词only,very, same等前面:
Where do you live? I live on the second floor.你住在哪?我住在二层。
6)与复数名词连用,指整个群体:
They are the teachers of this school.指全体教师)
They are teachers of this school.(指部分教师)
7)用在专有名词前:
the People‘s Republic of China中华人民共和国
8) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人:the Greens格林一家人 (或格林夫妇)
05数词
表示数目多少的数词叫基数词;表示顺序的数词叫序数词。序数词表示排列的顺序
序数词的缩写形式为阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母。
如: first---1st; second---2nd; third-3rd;
基数词变序数词的巧记口诀
一二三要全变(one-first; two-second;three- third)
其余都加th, th里有例外
8去t,(eight-eighth) 9去e(nine-ninth)
字母f代ve(five-fifth; twelve-twelfth);
ty变成tie(twenty-twentieth)
若要变化几十几,只变个位就可以(twenty-one-twenty-first)
数词的用法
1)倍数表示法
a. 主语+谓语+倍数(或分数)+ as + adj. + as
I have three times as many as you.我有你三倍那么多。
b. 主语+谓语+倍数(分数)+ the size (amount,length…) of…
The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球是月球的49倍。
c. 主语+谓语+倍数(分数)+ 形容词(副词)比较级+ than…
The grain output is 8 percent higher this year than that of last year.
d. 还可以用by+倍数,表示增加多少倍
The production of grain has been increased by four times this year.
2)分数表示法
构成:基数词代表分子,序数词代表分母。分子大于1时,分子的序数词用单数,分母序数词用复数:1/3 one-third ; 3/37 three and three-sevenths
06形容词及其用法
主要用来修饰名词的词,表示事物的特征。
形容词用来修饰名词或代词,表示人或事物的性质、状态,和特征的程度好坏,与否。
形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时,要放在这些词之后,例如:something nice
以-ly结尾的形容词
1)friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。
2)有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词。
daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early
The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily.
用形容词表示类别和整体
某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,与谓语动词的复数连接。
如:the dead,the living,the rich,the poor,the blind,the hungry
07
副词及其基本用法
副词(adverb,简写为adv)是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、全句的词,说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。副词是一种半虚半实的词。
副词可分为:地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词和连接副词。
兼有两种形式的副词
1) close与closely
close意思是“近”; closely 意思是“仔细地”
He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely.
2)late 与lately
late意思是“晚”; lately 意思是“最近”
You have come too late.What have you been doing lately?
形容词与副词的比较级
大多数形容词(性质形容词)和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形,比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1) 规则变化
2) 不规则变化
有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。如:
good→ better→ best
well→ better→ best
bad→ worse→ worst
ill→ worse→ worst
old→ older/elder→ oldest/eldest
many/much→ more→ most
little→ less→ least
far→ further/farther→ furthest/farthest
08动词
动词根据其后是否可直接跟宾语,可分为两类,分别是:及物动词(可直接跟宾语)、不及物动词(不能直接跟宾语,若要跟宾语,必须加上某个介词)。
系动词
1)状态系动词:用来表示主语状态,只有be一词,例如:He is a teacher.
2)持续系动词:用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep,rest,remain,stay,lie,stand
例如:He always kept silent at meeting.
他开会时总保持沉默。
3)表像系动词:用来表示“看起来像”这一概念,主要有seem,appear,look
例如:He looks tired.他看起来很累。
4)感官系动词:感官系动词主要有feel,smell,sound,taste
例如:This kind of cloth feels very soft.
This flower smells very sweet.
5)变化系动词:这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run
例如:He became mad after that.自那之后,他疯了。
6)终止系动词:表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove,turn out,表达“证实”,“变成”之意
例如:The search proved difficult.搜查证实很难。
09连词
连词是一种虚词, 它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词,短语与短语以及句与句的作用。
连词主要可分为两类:并列连词和从属连词。
并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。如:
and,but,or,nor,so,therefore,yet,however,for, hence,as well as,both…and,not only…but also, either…or,neither…nor, (and)then等等。
比较so和 such
such是形容词,修饰名词或名词词组。
so是副词,只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many,few,much, little连用,形成固定搭配。
so + adj. such + a(n) + n.
so + adj. + a(n) + n. such + n. (pl.)
so + adj. + n. (pl.) such +n. (pl.)
so + adj. + n. [不可数] such +n. [不可数]
so foolish ;such a fool
so nice a flower;such a nice flower
so many/ few flowers;such nice flowers
so much/little money;such rapid progress
so many people ;such a lot of people
10介词
介词是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的虚词,在句中不能单独作句子成分。
介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类,短语或从句作它的宾语。
介词和它的宾语构成介词词组,在句中作状语,表语,补语或介词宾语。
介词的分类
地点(位置、范围)介词
above在…前,about在…附近,across在…对面,after在…后面,against倚着...,along在…近旁,among在…中间,around在…周围,round在….周围,at在…处,before在...前,behind在...后,below低于..., beside在...旁边,between在...之间,by在...旁,down在...下面,from来自...,in在...里面,inside在...里面,等等。
方向(目标趋向)介词
across横越...,against对抗..., along沿着...,around绕着...,round环绕...,at朝着...,behind向…后面,between…and…从…到...,by路过/通过...,down向…下,for向..., from从/离..., in进入..., into进入...,inside到...里面, near接近...,off脱离/除...,on向...上,out of向...外,outside向....外,over跨过...,past经过/超过...,through穿过...,to向/朝...,towards朝着...,on to到...上面,onto到...上面, up向...上,away from远离...
时间介词
about大约...,after在…以后,at在… (时刻),before在…以前,by到…为止,during在…期间,for有…(之久),from从…(时)起,in在(上/下午),在(多久)以后,on在(某日),past过了…(时),since自从…(至今), through 贯穿…(期间),till直到…时, until直到…时,to到(下一时刻),ever since从那时起至今,at the beginning of在...开始时,at the end of在...末 ,in the middle of在...当中,at the time of在...时
方式介词
as作为/当作...,by用/由/乘坐/被..., in用…(语言),like与…一样,on骑(车)/徒(步),通过(收音机/电视机), over通过(收音机),through通过...,with用(材料),用(手/脚/耳/眼), without没有…
涉及介词
about关于...,except除了…,besides除了…还... for对于/就…而言,in在…(方面),of…的,有关...,on关于/有关...,to对…而言,towards针对...,with就…而言
其它介词
目的介词:for为了...,from防止…,to为了…
原因介词:for因为...,with由于…,because of因为...
比较介词:as与…一样,like象…一样,than比...,to与…相比,unlike与…不同
5. 求一篇50字左右的英语寓言故事?
1、A man was going to the house of some rich person. As he went along the road, he saw a box of good apples at the side of the road. He said, "I do not want to eat those apples; for the rich man will give me much food;
he will give me very nice food to eat." Then he took the apples and threw them away into the dust.
He went on and came to a river. The river had become very big; so he could not go over it. He waited for some time; then he said, "I cannot go to the rich man's house today, for I cannot get over the river."
He began to go home. He had eaten no food that day. He began to want food. He came to the apples, and he was glad to take them out of the dust and eat them.
Do not throw good things away; you may be glad to have them at some other time.
【译文】
一个人正朝着一个富人的房子走去,当他沿着路走时,在路的一边他发现一箱好苹果,他说:“我不打算吃那些苹果,因为富人会给我更多的食物,他会给我很好吃的东西。”然后他拿起苹果,一把扔到土里去。
他继续走,来到河边,河涨水了,因此,他到不了河对岸,他等了一会儿,然后他说:“今天我去不了富人家了,因为我不能渡过河。”
他开始回家,那天他没有吃东西。他就开始去找吃的,他找到苹果,很高兴地把它们从尘土中翻出来吃了。
不要把好东西扔掉,换个时候你会觉得它们大有用处。
2、The City Mouse and the Country Mouse
Once there were two mice. They were friends. One mouse lived in the country; the other mouse lived in the city. After many years the Country mouse saw the City mouse; he said, "Do come and see me at my house in the country."
So the City mouse went. The City mouse said, "This food is not good, and your house is not good. Why do you live in a hole in the field? You should come and live in the city. You would live in a nice house made of stone.
You would have nice food to eat. You must come and see me at my house in the city."
The Country mouse went to the house of the City mouse. It was a very good house. Nice food was set ready for them to eat. But just as they began to eat they heard a great noise. The City mouse cried, " Run! Run! The cat is coming!" They ran away quickly and hid.
After some time they came out. When they came out, the Country mouse said, "I do not like living in the city. I like living in my hole in the field. For it is nicer to be poor and happy, than to be rich and afraid."
【译文】城里老鼠和乡下老鼠
从前,有两只老鼠,它们是好朋友。一只老鼠居住在乡村,另一只住在城里。很多年以后,乡下老鼠碰到城里老鼠,它说:“你一定要来我乡下的家看看。”于是,城里老鼠就去了。乡下老鼠领着它到了一块田地上它自己的家里。它把所有最精美食物都找出来给城里老鼠。
城里老鼠说:“这东西不好吃,你的家也不好,你为什么住在田野的地洞里呢?你应该搬到城里去住,你能住上用石头造的漂亮房子,还会吃上美味佳肴,你应该到我城里的家看看。”
乡下老鼠就到城里老鼠的家去。房子十分漂亮,好吃的东西也为他们摆好了。可是正当他们要开始吃的时候,听见很大的一阵响声,城里的老鼠叫喊起来:“快跑!快跑!猫来了!”他们飞快地跑开躲藏起来。
过了一会儿,他们出来了。当他们出来时,乡下老鼠说:“我不喜欢住在城里,我喜欢住在田野我的洞里。因为这样虽然贫穷但是快乐自在,比起虽然富有却要过着提心吊胆的生活来说,要好些。
https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/72f082025aafa40f8ee1db29a764034f78f0191a
3、The dog and the wolf
A wolf was almost dead with hunger. A house-dog saw him, and asked, "Friend, your irregular life will soon ruin you.
"Why don't you work steadily as I do, and get your food regularly?"
"I would have no objection," said the wolf, "if I could only get a place." "I will help you," said the dog. "Come with me to my master, and you shall share my work."
So the wolf and the dog went to the town together.On the way the wolf saw that there was no hair around the dog's neck.He felt quite surprised, and asked him why it was like that?
"Oh, it is nothing," said the dog. "Every night my master puts a collar around my neck and chains me up. You will soon get used to it."
"Is that the only reason?" said the wolf. "Then good-bye to you, my friend. I would rather be free."
【译文】狗和狼
一只狼快要饿死了,一只狗看见后问他:“你现在的无规律的生活一定会毁掉你,为什么不像我一样稳定地干活并有规律地获得食物呢?”
狼说:“如果我有个地方住,我没有意见。”狗回答说:“跟我到主人那里去,我们一起工作。”于是狼和狗一起回到了村子。
在路上,狼注意到狗的脖子上有一圈没有毛,他很奇怪地问为什么会那样。
“噢,没有什么,”狗说,“我的主人每天晚上都用一条铁链子拴住我,你很快就会习惯的。”“就是因为这个原因吗?”狼说道,“那么,再见了,我的朋友,我宁愿选择自由。”
寓意: 自由比安乐更重要。
4、还是个好孩子
John is not a “good” student. 约翰并不是个“好”学生。
He always sleeps in the class. 他总是在上课的时候睡觉。
Today he sleeps again.今天他又睡着了。
“John!” Teacher says angrily.“约翰!”老师生气地喊他。
“What? What’s wrong?” John is awaken.“什么?出什么事了?”约翰醒了。
“Why do you make a face? It’s classroom. Look! Everyone is laughing.” Teacher says.
“你为什么要做鬼脸?这是教室!看看!同学们都在笑!”老师生气地说。
“No one is laughing.” Teacher says.“没有人在笑呀。”其他同学笑声地嘀咕。
“No, it’s not me. I was not making a face. I was sleeping.” John fells upset.
“不,不是我。我没有做鬼脸。刚才我睡着了。”约翰感到不安。
“Um. Not bad. You can admit your fault. You are still a good boy.” Teacher is satisfied with it.“嗯,还不错。你承认自己的错误,还是给好孩子”老师为此感到满意。
5、狐狸赞美乌鸦
One day, a crow stood on a branch near his nest ,and felt very happy with the meat in his mouth. 有一天,一只乌鸦站在窝旁的树枝上嘴里叼着一片肉,心里非常高兴。
At that time, a fox saw the crow with the meat, so he swallowed and eagerly thought of a plan to get the meat.这时候,一只狐狸看见了乌鸦,馋得直流口水,非常想得到那片肉。
However, whatever the fox said to the crow, the crow just kept silent.但是,无论狐狸说什么,乌鸦就是不理睬狐狸。
Until the fox thought highly of the crow’s beautiful voice, the crow felt flattered and opened his mouth to sing. 最后,狐狸赞美乌鸦的嗓音最优美,并要求乌鸦唱几句让他欣赏欣赏。乌鸦听了狐狸赞美的话,得意极了,就唱起歌来。
As soon as the meat fell down to the ground, the fox took the meat and went into his hole.没想到,肉一掉下来,狐狸就叼起肉,钻回了洞
6、聪明的乌龟
A tiger is hungry, he is looking for food. He sees a frog in front of him.
一只老虎很饥饿,他正在寻找食物。他看到一只青蛙在他前面。
“Haha! A frog! My dinner!” so he rushes at the frog.“哈哈!一只青蛙,我有晚餐啦!”于是,他扑向青蛙。
Behind the tiger, there is a tortoise. The little tortoise sees it; he bites the tiger’s tail.
在老虎的后边,有一只乌龟。小乌龟看见了,他猛咬一下啊老虎的尾巴。
“Ouch!” cries the tiger and he looks back. The frog hears the voice and jumps into water.
“哎呦!”老虎疼得叫起来并回头看看。此时青蛙听见了老虎的声音,他迅速跳进水里。
“Thank you, little tortoise.” says the frog.“谢谢你,小乌龟。”青蛙说。
But the tiger is very angry. “Bother it! I’ll throw you to the sky!”大事老虎十分愤怒:“讨厌!我要把你扔到天上去。”
“Thank you, I like flying in the sky,” says the tortoise.“谢谢你,我喜欢在天空飞翔。”乌龟说。
The tiger stops, “I will throw you into the river.”老虎停下来:“那我就把你扔到到水里。”
“Oh, no! I can’t swim; I will die if you throw me into the water.” The tiger threw the tortoise into the water quickly.“哦,不!我不会游泳,如果你把我扔井水里我会死的。”老虎很快就把乌龟仍进水了。
“Thank you, Mr. Tiger. Bye-bye.” The tortoise and the frog swim away together.“谢谢你,老虎先生,再见!”乌龟和青蛙一起游走了。
6. mouse的复数形式是什么?
mouse的复数形式是mice,mouse的音标是英 [maʊs]或美 [maʊs]。mice英 [maɪs] 美 [maɪs] n.老鼠( mouse的名词复数 );鼠标;羞怯[胆小]的人;mouse的复数形式。例句:
1、The nest contained eight little mice that were naked and blind. 窝里有8只还没长毛、眼睛尚未睁开的小老鼠。
2、The researchers gave 10 mutant mice bone marrow from healthy mice. 研究人员给10只基因突变小鼠植入了健康小鼠的骨髓。扩展资料:mouse,rat这两个名词均可表示“老鼠、耗子”之意。辨析如下:1、mouse一般指体形较小的家鼠。2、rat一般指生活在室外体形较大的一种老鼠。mouse的一些词汇搭配:1、as poor as a church mouse 一贫如洗。2、as quiet as a mouse 一声不响。
3、as silent as a mouse 静无声息。
4、as still as a mouse 悄无声息。
5、trap for mouse 捕鼠夹。
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